TOURISM AND ITS IMPACT ON COX'S BAZAR, BANGLADESH

Isan ZAHRA

Abstract


Cox’s Bazar is one of Bangladesh’s leading coastal areas, mainly because of its scenic beauty. Tourism in this area led to the development of facilities such as hotels, restaurants, airport, gift shops etc. and supports local communities in form of employment opportunity. Recently, this area is showing signs of negative environmental impacts such as excessive crowds, poor waste management, security issues, and unplanned construction of hotels to support excessive local tourist demand. This implies that Cox’s Bazar has socio-economic and environmental impacts mainly caused from domestic tourism; certain areas that require immediate attention are discussed in this paper based on the concept of sustainability.

Keywords


Cox’s Bazar; enclave tourism; sustainable tourism

References


Anguiló, E., Alegre, J. Sard, M. (2005) The persistence of the Sun and Sand tourism Model, Tourism Management 26, pp 219-231.

Bangladesh GDP. http://www.indexmundi.com/bangladesh/GDP. Accessed the 6th of August 2012, at 10:10.

Beerli, A. & Martin, J (2004). Factors Influencing Destination Image, Annals of Tourism Research, 31.

Bonn, A. (2005). International versus Domestic visitors: An Examination of Destination Image Perceptions. Journal of Travel Research, 43, pp 294-301.

Bornhorst, T., Ritchie, J. & Sheehan, L. (2010). Determinants of tourism success for DMOs & Destinations: An empirical examination of stakeholders’ perspectives, Journal of Tourism Management, 31, pp 572-589.

Bramwell, W. & Lane, B. (1993) Sustainable Tourism: An evolving global approach, Journal of Sustainable Tourism Vol 1 No1 pp 1-5.

Cohen, E. (1972) Toward a sociology of international tourism, Social Research, 39 pp 164-182.

Das, D., Sharma, S., Sarkar, A. & Mohapatra, P. (2007) Factor influencing the attractiveness of a tourist destination: A case study. Journal of Services Research, Vol 7, No 1, pp 103-129.

Devasa, M., Laguna, M. & Palacios, A. (2010) The role of motivation in visitor satisfaction: empirical evidence in rural tourism, Tourism Management 31 pp 547-552.

Freitag, T. (1994) Enclave tourism development: For whom the benefits roll? Annals of Tourism Research, Vol 21, No 2 pp 538-554.

Garay, L. & Cánoves, G. (2011) Life cycles SSSS and tourism history The Catalonia (Spain) experience, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol-38, No-2 , pp 651-671.

Gunn, C (1988) Vacationscape: Designing Tourists Regions, 2nd edition.

Hartle, D. (1990) The taxation of tourism in Botswana, Tourism in Botswana, Proceedings of a symposium held in Gaborone, pp 188-196.

History in Cox’s Bazar. http://www.world66.com/asia/ southasia/bangladesh /coxsbazar/ history. Accessed the 5th of May 2012, at 15:45.

Hossain, A. (2010) Special: Tourists overwhelm Cox’s Bazar. http://www.bdnews24.com/details.php? Id=1731. Accessed the 24th of April 2012, at 10:50.

Hsu, T., Tsai, Y. & Wu, H. (2009). The preference analysis for tourist choice of destination: A case study of Taiwan. Tourism Management, 30,pp 288-297.

Lengyel, P. (1980) The anatomy of tourism, International Social Science Journal Vol 32, No1, pp 1-150.

Islam, S. (2009). Tourism Marketing in Developing Countries: A Study of Bangladesh [Online] Available: http://home.wmin.ac.uk (March 23, 2012).

Mbaiwa, J. (2005) Enclave tourism and its socio-economic impacts in the Okavango Delta, Botswana, Harry Oppenheimer Okavango Research Centre, University of Botswana. Accessed at hhtp://www.ubrisa.ub.bw/handle/10311/429 on 28th of February 2012, at 16:40.

Nastase, C., Scutariu, A. & Chas̹ovschi, C (2011) Educating and informing tourism consumers in the context of sustainable development, Revista de Turism, studii s̹i cercetǎri în turism. No 12, pp53-59. Accessed at http:// http://revistadeturism.ro/index.php/rdt/article/view/60 on 29/05/13 10:20pm.

Nistoreanu, P., Dorobant̹u, M. & T̹uclea, C. (2011). The trilateral relationship ecotourism- Sustainable tourism- Slow travel among nature in the line with Authentic tourism lovers. Revista de Turism, studii s̹i cercetǎri în turism. No 11, pp 34-37. http://revistadeturism.ro/index.php/rdt/article/view/67 on 29/05/13 15:25 pm.

Shamsuddoha, M., Alamgir, M., Nasir, T. (2011) Cultural Tourism: Bangladesh tribal areas prespective, Revista de Turism, studii si cercetǎri în turism. Accessed on http://revistadeturism.ro/index.php/rdt/article/view/56/27 on 29/05/2013 at 11:15am.

Pestana, B., Laurent, B., Nicolas, P., Elisabeth, R., Bernardin, S. & Assaf, A. (2011). Performance of French destination: Tourism attraction perspectives. Tourism Management, 32, pp 141-146.

Pike, S. (2004). Destination image analysis: a review of 142 papers from 1973 to 2000. Journal of Tourism management, 23.

Seddighi, H.; Nuttall, M. & Theocharous, A. (2001) Does cultural background of tourists influence the destination choice? An empirical study with special reference to political instability, Tourism Management 22, pp 181-191.

Selby, M. & Morgan, N (1996) Reconstructing place image: A case study of its role in destination marketing research. Tourism Management, Vol 17, No 4, pp 287-294.

Shamsuddoha, M. & Nedelea, M. (2008). Exploring Tourist Spots for Promoting Investments in Tourism Industry of Bangladesh. Journal of Tourism, No-6 [Online] Available: http://www.ssrn.com (April 02, 2012).

The Worldbank Data, GDP per capita. http://www.data.worldbank.org/indicator. Accessed the 12th of August, at 15:20.

Travel and Tourism: Economic Impact 2012 Bangladesh. http://www.wttc.org/site_media/uploads/downloads/bangladesh 2012.pdf. Accessed the 20th of May 2012, at 15:45.

Woodside, A. & Lysonski, S. (1989) A general model of traveller destination choice, Journal of Travel Research, Vol 27, No 1, pp 8-14.

WTTC on Bangladeshi Tourism Development 2010-2020. http://www.viewsontourism.info/2010/wttc-on-bangladeshi-tourism-development-2010-2020. Accessed the 20th May 2012, at 15:30.

Zahra, I. (2012) Destination image and tourism: A case study of Bangladesh, European Journal of Business and Management, Vol 4 No 6 pp 18-27 available at http://www.iiste.org/journals.


Full Text: PDF



Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.